Practice Japanese Verb Groups

In Japanese, verbs are commonly classified into three main groups: ru-verbs (る-verbs), u-verbs (う-verbs), and irregular verbs. These groups are based on the verb stem's ending and the conjugation patterns they follow.

ru-verbs (る-verbs): ru-verbs are also referred as ichidan verbs. Verbs in this group end in ～る. For example, 食べる (taberu - to eat). If the vowel sound before る is an a, u, or o vowel sound, it will be categorized as a u-verb.
u-verbs (う-verbs): u-verbs are also referred as godan verbs. Verbs in this group end in ～う, ～る, or ～つ. For example, 飲む (nomu - to drink), 買う (kau - to buy), 話す (hanasu - to speak).
Irregular Verbs:: Certain commonly used verbs do not fit neatly into Group 1 or Group 2 and have irregular conjugation patterns. For example, する (suru - to do) and 来る (kuru - to come).

Understanding verb groups is crucial for conjugating verbs in Japanese, as each group has its own set of rules. Mastery of verb conjugation is essential for constructing sentences in different tenses.

JLPT N5 Verbs

Check the table below to learn about verb groups for JLPT N5 verbs.

English	Romaji	Japanese	Kana	Group
to meet	au	会う	あう	Godan (u-verb)
to read	yomu	読む	よむ	Godan (u-verb)
to see; to look	miru	見る	みる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to wait	matsu	待つ	まつ	Godan (u-verb)
to run	hashiru	走る	はしる	Godan (u-verb)
to work	hataraku	働く	はたらく	Godan (u-verb)
to drink	nomu	飲む	のむ	Godan (u-verb)
to get up; to wake up	okiru	起きる	おきる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to eat	taberu	食べる	たべる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music)	kiku	聞く	きく	Godan (u-verb)
to rest; to have a break	yasumu	休む	やすむ	Godan (u-verb)
to sleep	neru	寝る	ねる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to write	kaku	書く	かく	Godan (u-verb)
to talk; to speak	hanasu	話す	はなす	Godan (u-verb)
to do	suru	する	する	Irregular
to cut	kiru	切る	きる	Godan (u-verb)
to buy; to purchase	kau	買う	かう	Godan (u-verb)
to go	iku	行く	いく	Godan (u-verb)
to return; to go home	kaeru	帰る	かえる	Godan (u-verb)
to walk	aruku	歩く	あるく	Godan (u-verb)
to sit	suwaru	座る	すわる	Godan (u-verb)
to come	kuru	来る	くる	Irregular
to smoke	suu	吸う	すう	Godan (u-verb)
to become	naru	成る	なる	Godan (u-verb)
to die	shinu	死ぬ	しぬ	Godan (u-verb)
to finish; to end	owaru	終わる	おわる	Godan (u-verb)
to know	shiru	知る	しる	Godan (u-verb)
to sell	uru	売る	うる	Godan (u-verb)
to push; to press (down)	osu	押す	おす	Godan (u-verb)
to insert; to put in	ireru	入れる	いれる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to take	toru	取る	とる	Godan (u-verb)
to enter	hairu	入る	はいる	Godan (u-verb)
to swim	oyogu	泳ぐ	およぐ	Godan (u-verb)
to fly	tobu	飛ぶ	とぶ	Godan (u-verb)
to lend	kasu	貸す	かす	Godan (u-verb)
to borrow	kariru	借りる	かりる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to use	tsukau	使う	つかう	Godan (u-verb)
to sing	utau	歌う	うたう	Godan (u-verb)
to be (inanimate objects); to exist	aru	有る	ある	Godan (u-verb)
to be (animate objects); to exist	iru	居る	いる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to send	okuru	送る	おくる	Godan (u-verb)
to say	iu	言う	いう	Godan (u-verb)
to put; to place	oku	置く	おく	Godan (u-verb)
to live (of humans); to reside	sumu	住む	すむ	Godan (u-verb)
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.)	noru	乗る	のる	Godan (u-verb)
to leave; to exit	deru	出る	でる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to understand	wakaru	分かる	わかる	Godan (u-verb)
to take out	dasu	出す	だす	Godan (u-verb)
to hold; to have	motsu	持つ	もつ	Godan (u-verb)
to differ (from); to be different	chigau	違う	ちがう	Godan (u-verb)
to open	akeru	開ける	あける	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to close	shimeru	閉める	しめる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to play	asobu	遊ぶ	あそぶ	Godan (u-verb)
to show	miseru	見せる	みせる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to stand (up)	tatsu	立つ	たつ	Godan (u-verb)
to take (e.g. shower)	abiru	浴びる	あびる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to wash	arau	洗う	あらう	Godan (u-verb)
to line up; to stand in a line	narabu	並ぶ	ならぶ	Godan (u-verb)
to make	tsukuru	作る	つくる	Godan (u-verb)
to be able to do	dekiru	出来る	できる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to pull	hiku	引く	ひく	Godan (u-verb)
to turn off; to delete	kesu	消す	けす	Godan (u-verb)
to call out (to); to call	yobu	呼ぶ	よぶ	Godan (u-verb)
to memorize	oboeru	覚える	おぼえる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to get tired	tsukareru	疲れる	つかれる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to be born	umareru	生まれる	うまれる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to put on (one's head); to wear	kaburu	冠る	かぶる	Godan (u-verb)
to put on (lower-body clothing); to wear	haku	履く	はく	Godan (u-verb)
to wear (from the shoulders down)	kiru	着る	きる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to take (a photograph)	toru	撮る	とる	Godan (u-verb)
to arrive at; to reach	tsuku	着く	つく	Godan (u-verb)
to turn on	tsukeru	点ける	つける	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to get off	oriru	降りる	おりる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to go out	dekakeru	出かける	でかける	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to climb up	noboru	登る	のぼる	Godan (u-verb)
to cross over	wataru	渡る	わたる	Godan (u-verb)
to line up; to arrange in a line	naraberu	並べる	ならべる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to forget	wasureru	忘れる	わすれる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to clear up; to be sunny	hareru	晴れる	はれる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to stop (moving)	tomaru	止まる	とまる	Godan (u-verb)
to turn	magaru	曲がる	まがる	Godan (u-verb)
to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)	hiku	弾く	ひく	Godan (u-verb)
to work (for)	tsutomeru	勤める	つとめる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to begin; to start	hajimaru	始まる	はじまる	Godan (u-verb)
to answer; to reply	kotaeru	答える	こたえる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to open	aku	開く	あく	Godan (u-verb)
to close	shimaru	閉まる	しまる	Godan (u-verb)
to fall (of rain, snow, etc.)	furu	降る	ふる	Godan (u-verb)
to brush (teeth); to polish	migaku	磨く	みがく	Godan (u-verb)
to give	ageru	あげる	あげる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.)	nugu	脱ぐ	ぬぐ	Godan (u-verb)
to blow (of the wind)	fuku	吹く	ふく	Godan (u-verb)
to request; to ask	tanomu	頼む	たのむ	Godan (u-verb)
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)	kakaru	掛かる	かかる	Godan (u-verb)
to make (a call)	kakeru	かける	かける	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to hold up (an umbrella, etc.)	sasu	差す	さす	Godan (u-verb)
to return (something)	kaesu	返す	かえす	Godan (u-verb)
to hand over; to hand in	watasu	渡す	わたす	Godan (u-verb)
to go out; to disappear	kieru	消える	きえる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to bloom; to flower	saku	咲く	さく	Godan (u-verb)
to tie; to fasten; to tighten	shimeru	締める	しめる	Ichidan (ru-verb)
to be troubled; to have difficulty	komaru	困る	こまる	Godan (u-verb)
to stick; to paste	haru	張る	はる	Godan (u-verb)
to make sound (of an animal)	naku	鳴く	なく	Godan (u-verb)
to need	iru	要る	いる	Godan (u-verb)

JLPT N5 Verbs

Godan verbs with iru/eru endings

Here is a list of common u-verbs ending with iru/eru.

English	Romaji	Japanese	Kana	Group
to need	iru	要る	いる	Godan (u-verb)
to return; to go home	kaeru	帰る	かえる	Godan (u-verb)
to cut	kiru	切る	きる	Godan (u-verb)
to know	shiru	知る	しる	Godan (u-verb)
to enter	hairu	入る	はいる	Godan (u-verb)
to run	hashiru	走る	はしる	Godan (u-verb)
to talk; to chat	shaberu	しゃべる	しゃべる	Godan (u-verb)
to decrease (in size or number)	heru	減る	へる	Godan (u-verb)
to be in a hurry; to be impatient	aseru	焦る	あせる	Godan (u-verb)
to restrict; to limit	kagiru	限る	かぎる	Godan (u-verb)
to kick	keru	蹴る	ける	Godan (u-verb)
to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis)	suberu	滑る	すべる	Godan (u-verb)
to grasp; to grip	nigiru	握る	にぎる	Godan (u-verb)

u-verbs with iru/eru endings