JLPT N4 Grammar Test 28
Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Question 4
Question 5
Question 6
Question 7
Question 8
Question 9
Question 10
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Answers and Explanations
- 歌いExplanation:
The grammar 「Vますstem + だします」 means 'to start V-ing', often suddenly. It's formed by the verb's masu-stem (the part of the verb that comes before ます, e.g., from 歌います (utaimasu) take 歌い (utai)) and adding だします. Here, 歌い is the masu-stem of 歌う (utau - to sing), so 歌いだしました means 'started to sing'.
- 始めましたExplanation:
The verb 「始める」 (hajimeru - to begin), when used as a suffix with the masu-stem of another verb, indicates the beginning of that action. 「[降]{ふ}る」 (furu - to fall, e.g. rain) -> stem 「[降]{ふ}り」 (furi) + 「始める」 -> 「[降]{ふ}り始める」 (furihajimeru - to start raining).
- ためにExplanation:
「ために」(tameni) indicates the reason or purpose for an action, meaning 'in order to' or 'for the sake of'. It connects a goal (passing the exam) with the action taken to achieve it (studying hard). Usage pattern: Verb (dictionary form) + ために.
- あるみたいExplanation:
「みたいだ」 (mitai da) is used to express a guess meaning 'it seems like' or 'looks like', based on the speaker's observation. It follows the plain form of a verb (like ある - aru, plain present of 'to exist/have'). Here, B guesses Tanaka-san has a TV show to watch (あるみたい - aru mitai) because he went home early. Pattern: Verb (plain form) + みたいだ.
- かいExplanation:
「かい」 (kai) is an informal question marker, often used by male speakers or in very casual situations. It attaches to the plain form of verbs or adjectives to turn a statement into a question.
- にもExplanation:
「にも」 (ni mo) means 'also in/at/on' or 'even in/at/on'. The particle に indicates time or location, and も adds the sense of 'also' or 'even'. 「[週末]{しゅうまつ}にも」 implies that going to school extends to weekends as well, perhaps unexpectedly.
- ようにしてほしいExplanation:
「〜ないようにしてほしい」 (nai you ni shite hoshii) expresses a desire for someone to make an effort *not* to do something or to ensure something *doesn't* happen. 「〜ないようにする」 means 'to try not to do ~'. Adding 「てほしい」 means 'I want you to try/make sure not to...'.
- がExplanation:
「〜が する」 (ga suru) is used to describe sensory perceptions like sounds, smells, or tastes. The noun representing the sensation is marked with the particle が. In this sentence, 「変な音が する」 means "a strange sound is perceived/heard." The pattern is: [Sensory Noun] + が + する.
- 他にもExplanation:
「ほかにも」 (hoka ni mo) means 'in addition', 'also', 'besides this/that'. It's used to add more examples or points to what has already been mentioned. Here, it adds another positive aspect of the class.
- ことにしますExplanation:
「〜ことにする」 (koto ni suru) means 'to decide to do' or 'to choose to'. It emphasizes the speaker's active decision. Here, it shows a decision about which action (buying the red one) to take. Construction: Verb (dictionary form) + ことにする.